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Saturday, August 16, 2014

Paradisaical Paris

Paradisaical Paris
The great American architect Frank Lloyd Wright said, "A doctor can bury his mistakes but an architect can only advise his clients to plant vines." 
The first part of the quote is a bit creepy, but no matter; This article does not refer to the incompetent professionals. In fact, by the incompetent or architects are not concerned; refers to the architecture of Paris, and suffice to say that there are not many vines hanging over the French capital. 
If we assume that people are the soul of a place and the buildings are the body, Paris is the architectural equivalent of Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie merged into an androgynous being that transcends all before-known degrees of hotness. It is an absolute corker, to put it bluntly. 
How I started to look the way it did is an interesting story, although a little long, so we've all kindly We condensed down perfectly manageable portions complete with buildings of different ages * you should visit. 
* All brackets are approximate date and architectural styles inevitably overlap by varying degrees 
Roman Paris (50-500 AD) 
Paris started life about 2,000 years ago as a Roman settlement called Lutetia. The Romans, who were light years ahead of his time, devised a grid pattern and is used specifically for their buildings. Unfortunately, his empire collapsed in the V century and he spent most of Lutetia. By the early Middle Ages, which were largely populated with people of light years behind time, the city was unrecognizable from its former glory. The grid system was mutated in a tangled and the concrete had been replaced with wood and straw. Everything went better with time, of course, but precious little remains today to suggest not so humble beginnings of Paris. 
Watch for the ... 
Rue Saint-Jacques a straight road that cuts through the center of town and follows exactly the same line of an old Roman road. 
Later Medieval Paris (900 - 1500) 
As the Middle Ages progressed, Parisians began his game a little. They began the construction of religious buildings of stone (unlike secular counterparts) and as such some have survived to this day. The Romanesque style, so called because it had some resemblance to Roman architecture, became prevalent in the 10th century, and this was followed by the Gothic style, which was characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, flying buttresses and pointed needles. Another important development in this period was the emergence of hotels, built to house the aristocracy. This marked the turning point for the architects were, for the first time since the Romans, which became heavily involved in the overall design and layout of the city. 
Watch for the ... 
Saint-Germain-des-Prés, one of the oldest and best preserved Romanesque churches of the city, and Notre Dame, an exquisite example of Gothic architecture and one of the most beautiful churches in the world. 
Renaissance Paris (1500 - 1600) 
The Renaissance was a cultural movement that began in Italy in the 14th century and gradually spread throughout Europe during the next 300 years. He arrived in Paris just after the turn of the 16th century with the enthronement of Francis I, who was an avid believer in the new ideals, coming off a renewed interest in the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. The Renaissance was a humanist at heart, and this clearly shows in the new style of architecture, which can be seen as a reflection of the human form: the solid base (often with arcades) as the feet, the slender means as the body and short, steep roof peak and hat. 
Watch for the ... 
Place des Vosges, a beautiful square surrounded by symmetrical houses built in the Renaissance style, and the neighborhoods of the Latin Quarter, which have been built in the same style. 
Baroque and Rococo Paris (1600 - 1750) 
This is a very significant in the history of Parisian architecture period, as it is when the city began to develop his own unique style. The classical influence remained, but rather as a basis for new approaches to defining an item. There was an emphasis on large planes and strict symmetry, reflecting the harmonious and restrained nature of fashion in the early Renaissance, but complement this, the architects were experimenting successfully with more lush and ornate styles. Rococo (it was hot on the heels of Baroque), in particular, was a decidedly more playful and creative approach to the extent of entire rooms are designed as works of art in their own right. 
Watch for the ... 
Les Invalides, a complex of more recognizable (in an architectural sense) for its massive dome, which was directly inspired by St. Peter at Rome buildings. But beside the obvious classical influence are lots of Baroque and Rococo in the form of decorative windows and doors. 
Neo Paris (1750 - 1850) 
Neoclassicism emerged after a renewed interest in Greek and Roman architectural theories (which in part was prompted by the recent rediscovery of Pompeii and Herculaneum), and acted as a kind of reaction to earlier styles of Baroque and Rococo, which was dominated by emotion rather than practicality. As such, the new style was intensely logical and devoid of decorative elements, which were considered unnecessary. Although the new form XVI condemned, which continued even after his execution, as revolutionaries could relate strongly to Athens because it was the birthplace of democracy, which was his ultimate goal, ie, architecture began during the reign of Louis remained very important in his eyes. 
Watch for the ... 
The Pantheon (the name of the Roman pantheon) is one of the earliest and finest examples of neoclassical architecture. 
Haussmann in Paris (1850 - 1870) 
Opinion on Baron Haussmann is divided: either is the man who ruined old Paris, or the man who created New Paris. He was employed by the Emperor Napoleon III (who had been strongly attracted by the urban fabric of London) and the task of regenerating a city which by this point was in serious danger of expansion, with a population of over one million and 80% households that lack basic services. Impact of Haussmann was remarkable. Within only 20 years, renovated Paris: the style of his apartment blocks are now the Parisian standard, its sewage system continues to operate and their reorganization of the road network is praised to this day. 
Watch for the ... 
The Town Hall, a strikingly handsome building, which was commissioned by Baron Haussmann in the 13th district. 
Art Nouveau Paris (1870 - 1920) 
A brief but glorious charm of Art Nouveau ("new art") flashed on the turn of the century, with the architects be inspired by the massive increase availability of very strong materials like iron and steel, due to the growing Industrial Revolution. They tried to convert the status quo inside out, literally, by designing buildings that were supported from abroad, which meant that it was both possible to see how they are put together and also to release large amounts of extra space inside . In a decorative note, Art Nouveau is characterized by swirling lines and a lack of corners; essentially it is supposed to reflect the nature. 
Watch for the ... 
The entrances to the Metro stations, which, with its forged steel frames twists and turns and its universal green paintjobs that reflect the life of the plant, are classic examples of Art Nouveau. 
Art Deco, Post-War and Contemporary Paris (1920 - 2012) 
Art Deco was in vogue in the period between the two world wars. Architects tried to imitate optimism and freedom of the time with angular shapes that were meant to reflect the new cruise ships carrying people about the place. After the Second World War until the 1970s Parisian architecture took a turn for the worse, and it's probably better if we leave that dark period where it is. But from 1980 to the present, the French capital was lucky to have Francis Mitterrand to control it. President from 1981 - 1995 some radical new projects, despite early concerns, are now one of the most famous and iconic architectural symbols of Paris began. 
Watch for the ... 
The Palais de Tokyo an Art Deco structure that houses a gallery of modern art, and the glass pyramid outside the Louvre, one of the bright new symbols of the influence of Mitterrand.
Notre Dame

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